{"id":18879,"date":"2023-12-08T19:52:39","date_gmt":"2023-12-09T03:52:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/?p=18879"},"modified":"2023-12-22T12:14:17","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T20:14:17","slug":"why-prune-fruit-trees-in-winter-in-southern-california-and-why-not","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/why-prune-fruit-trees-in-winter-in-southern-california-and-why-not\/","title":{"rendered":"Why prune fruit trees in winter in Southern California? (And why not?)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Winter is when I do most of my fruit tree pruning. Why? Which kinds? Why most and not all? Let\u2019s dive in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

See branches in winter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fruit trees that lose their leaves in winter \u2013 deciduous fruit trees \u2013 offer a view of their branch structures at that time. When they\u2019re covered in leaves in the summer it is not only hard to see their branches but more difficult to get your arms and tools inside the canopy to do any pruning. Therefore, it is easiest to prune deciduous fruit trees in winter, and so that\u2019s when I prune most of them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Deciduous fruit trees that we grow in Southern California include apricots, pears, pomegranates, apples, plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, pluots, figs, grapes, persimmons . . .)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Persimmons on a nearby farm, still holding onto a few leaves (and fruit) on December 8.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

But it\u2019s not necessary to wait until a tree has lost all of its leaves in order to start pruning. There is no harm or benefit from the tree\u2019s point of view if you cut a branch while it still has some leaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apple trees are usually the last deciduous fruit trees to drop their leaves. If your apple tree still has leaves while you are pruning your nectarine, and you feel like finishing your pruning that day, go for it. I often prune some trees before total leaf loss just because I\u2019m out there with my tools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Fuji apple leaves turning yellow but not many dropped on December 8.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Avoid sunburn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then we have the fruit trees that never go leafless (unless they\u2019re dying!): the evergreens. Winter never gives us a better look at their branch structure, yet this season is still the best time to do significant pruning on them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Use your imagination to understand why: Imagine you are bark on a citrus branch, and you\u2019ve lived your whole life being shaded by branches and leaves above you. That\u2019s what you\u2019re used to. Then a gardener cuts off the branches and leaves above you, thereby exposing you to full sun \u2013 in the middle of summer. Ouch! You aren\u2019t able to handle such intense sunlight, especially so abruptly, so you burn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now imagine that a smarter, kinder gardener cuts off the branches and leaves above you in the middle of winter. No problem. The sun is so weak in winter that it doesn\u2019t burn you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moreover, on most citrus trees, just as on most other evergreen fruit trees, new branches and leaves start growing around the end of winter so a branch that was newly exposed to sun from a winter pruning will have new leaves to protect it with shade by the time the sun is strong in spring and summer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Be a kind gardener to your evergreen fruit trees. If you want to do any serious size reduction on an avocado, guava, macadamia, mango, or citrus, do that pruning only in the winter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In other words, don’t do this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Fuerte avocado tree that I cut the top off in June one year. Despite painting the exposed branches, they still got sunburned. No severe pruning outside of winter!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rather, do this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Tall Hass avocado tree in summer after a severe pruning the prior winter. Note the new growth now shading high branches. No sunburn. Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, August 2, 2023.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Know your cold threat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, do severe pruning on an evergreen fruit tree in the early or late winter according to how sensitive the tree is to cold damage and how likely your yard is to get cold enough to cause damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is rare that citrus trees get damaged by cold in most of Southern California, but fruit trees like mangos and avocados are more sensitive. Mangos and avocados should only be pruned at the end of winter, once the threat of temperatures cold enough to do damage to them has ended, unless you know that your yard rarely gets a frost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

My yard in the foothills of San Diego County often gets cold enough to damage macadamias and avocados so I wait until March if I want to do any heavy pruning on them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glad I waited in 2020:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Cold damage to Reed avocado in February 2020. Note that all damage is to exterior of canopy. Pruning in January would have resulted in far deeper damage.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

What kinds of pruning to do in other seasons?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On my deciduous fruit trees, I usually give them a buzz on the top at least once during summer so that the lower branches get enough sunlight. (See my post, \u201cMy best advice on pruning deciduous fruit trees: Keep them small.\u201d<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On my evergreens, I cut small branches (up to about finger thickness) any time of year because this usually doesn\u2019t expose them to sunburn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those are the only kinds of pruning I do outside of winter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Why NOT prune fruit trees in winter?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do not prune apricots and cherries and grapes in winter, it is advised in many University of California publications. (See here<\/a> and here<\/a>.) Why not? What will happen?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Various diseases are said to likely infect your trees. I’m uncertain about the need to follow this advice in Southern California, however. (In fact, I’ve never followed it.) I explore this in a post here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And please find more posts on pruning here<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

A list<\/a> of all Yard Posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do my posts help? Say thanks with a show of support<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Winter is when I do most of my fruit tree pruning. Why? Which kinds? Why most and not all? Let\u2019s dive in. See branches in winter Fruit trees that lose their leaves in winter \u2013 deciduous fruit trees \u2013 offer a view of their branch structures at that time. When they\u2019re covered in leaves in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[70],"class_list":["post-18879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fruit-trees","tag-pruning"],"yoast_head":"\nWhy prune fruit trees in winter in Southern California? 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