{"id":4772,"date":"2019-01-11T09:46:22","date_gmt":"2019-01-11T17:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/?p=4772"},"modified":"2021-02-05T14:32:52","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T22:32:52","slug":"where-to-cut-a-branch-on-a-deciduous-fruit-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/where-to-cut-a-branch-on-a-deciduous-fruit-tree\/","title":{"rendered":"Where to cut a branch on a deciduous fruit tree"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>While family was visiting for Christmas I invited my niece to prune a fruit tree with me. Is pruning your fruit trees intimidating? What to cut? Where to cut? (You can\u2019t reverse it after you\u2019ve cut.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This post is narrowly focused: Let&#8217;s only talk about where to make a cut. Not which branches to cut, not how many, just where.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cutting a branch all the way off<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two kinds of cuts we can make. Either you cut a branch to shorten it, or you cut it all the way off. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While my niece and I were doing our pruning, discussing cutting a branch all the way off, I hadn\u2019t realized that my brother was filming, but he was, and he captured this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xkasa6P6f5Q\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p>Anyway, I was saying that when you want to cut a branch all the way off the best place to make the cut is just above the collar. The branch collar is the swollen ring at the base of the branch where it connects to another branch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-collar.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4790\" width=\"352\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-collar.jpg 800w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-collar-600x719.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-collar-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-collar-768x921.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This collar is capable of healing over your pruning wound. It takes a year or two or more, but if the collar is left intact and heals over the cut then there is no longer an opening in the tree&#8217;s bark.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is a cut that is in the processs of being healed over:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar-859x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4785\" width=\"406\" height=\"484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar-859x1024.jpg 859w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar-600x715.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar-252x300.jpg 252w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar-768x915.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/partially-healed-cut-above-collar.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 406px) 100vw, 406px\" \/><figcaption>Branch collar in process of sealing pruning wound on pluot tree.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>And here is an older cut that has been completely sealed up by the collar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4786\" width=\"337\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar-218x300.jpg 218w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar-600x827.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar-768x1058.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar-743x1024.jpg 743w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/fully-sealed-cut-above-collar.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\" \/><figcaption>Branch collar callused over pruning cut on apple tree.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>But what if? I love to play the <em>What if?<\/em> game. What if you cut far above the collar? In that case, the leftover branch above the collar usually dies back to the collar, leaving a dead stub. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Big problem? No, but it doesn\u2019t look so good and the stub will catch on your shirtsleeve or arm as you harvest fruit or prune again next time. And imagine the compounded annoyance if you leave a lot of these stubs throughout a tree. So there\u2019s no benefit to leaving a stub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, what if you cut low\/deep and cut into the collar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-into-collar-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4781\" width=\"418\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-into-collar-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-into-collar-600x800.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-into-collar-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-into-collar.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 418px) 100vw, 418px\" \/><figcaption>Old pruning wound that hasn&#8217;t callused over, perhaps because the cut damaged the collar.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You reduce the collar\u2019s ability to callus and seal up that wound. Big problem? Often not, but it that opening can end up rotting and giving entry to pests or pathogens that reduce the health and strength of that branch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So if you err, I say, err on the side of cutting too far above the collar rather than cutting into the collar.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Shortening a branch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As for shortening a branch, well, here\u2019s video of me and my niece (and my daughter on my back):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ji-7CixxIOQ\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p>So, to shorten a branch you want to cut just above a bud. The buds along a branch are the points where the branch is capable of growing from. If you cut just above a bud, what usually happens is that (now) highest bud then starts growing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud-918x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4784\" width=\"441\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud-918x1024.jpg 918w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud-600x670.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud-269x300.jpg 269w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud-768x857.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/recent-cut-just-above-bud.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><figcaption>Cut made just above a bud.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is the result of a branch cut back to a bud one year ago, last winter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/bud-grown-out-after-branch-cut-back.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4783\" width=\"418\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/bud-grown-out-after-branch-cut-back.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/bud-grown-out-after-branch-cut-back-600x589.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/bud-grown-out-after-branch-cut-back-300x294.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/bud-grown-out-after-branch-cut-back-768x753.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 418px) 100vw, 418px\" \/><figcaption>Bud grown out behind pruning cut on apricot branch.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>(Sometimes a bud or two below that highest bud also start growing.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The reasons for cutting just above a bud are similar to the reasons for cutting just above a collar. If you cut too far above the bud, the bud will grow but the branch will die back to the bud and leave a dead stub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4787\" width=\"406\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud-600x597.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cut-too-far-above-bud-768x764.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 406px) 100vw, 406px\" \/><figcaption>Dead stub on peach branch from cutting too far above a bud.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, if you cut too close to the bud and damage it, it won\u2019t grow well or will possibly be killed. So here again, we want to err on the side of cutting too far above rather than too close to the bud.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But what was that talk in the video about \u201coutward-facing\u201d buds? When you choose which bud to cut down to, it\u2019s best to choose a bud that is facing the side of the branch that you want the new growth to aim toward. Usually, you don\u2019t want a branch to grow in toward the center of the tree because it can get too crowded there, so you choose a bud that is facing away from the center of the tree (or another uncrowded direction).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another way to shorten a branch is by cutting it back to a smaller branch that is growing in a desired direction. Here you want to cut to just above the little branch, not damaging its little collar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch-765x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4782\" width=\"436\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch-765x1024.jpg 765w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch-600x803.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch-224x300.jpg 224w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch-768x1028.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/branch-cut-back-to-smaller-branch.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\" \/><figcaption>Branch cut back to smaller branch.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that if the smaller branch is too small, however, it will not become the new growing point and may die back. A rule of thumb is that the smaller branch must be at least one third the size of the larger branch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it, that&#8217;s where to cut a branch on a deciduous fruit tree: Cut just above &#8212; not into &#8212; a collar, bud, or branch, preferrably leaving no stubs. If you do, you get a graceful, healthy, and harvest-friendly branch architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-1024x864.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4801\" width=\"467\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-1024x864.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-600x506.jpg 600w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-300x253.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-768x648.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree-1080x911.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/open-vase-trained-nectarine-tree.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/><figcaption>Branch architecture of Snow Queen nectarine trained in open center style, before winter pruning.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Have a look at your trees and note their reactions to the cuts you have made in the past. I&#8217;ve tried to be clear and accurate in what I said and showed here, but nothing beats personal observation. I really encourage you to take a few minutes to do this. Whenever I do I gain more confidence for future pruning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other posts and resources about pruning deciduous fruit trees<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are a few posts I&#8217;ve written about other aspects of pruning deciduous fruit trees that you may like to check out:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/dont-cut-off-the-fruiting-wood-pruning-lesson-number-one\/\">Don\u2019t cut off the fruiting wood: Pruning lesson number one<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/think-about-sunshine-when-pruning-deciduous-fruit-trees\/\">Think about sunshine when pruning deciduous fruit trees<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/my-best-advice-on-pruning-deciduous-fruit-trees-keep-them-small\/\">My best advice on pruning deciduous fruit trees: Keep them small<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/prune-bare-root-fruit-tree\/\">Should you prune a bare-root fruit tree?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/summer-pruning-deciduous-fruit-trees\/\">Summer pruning deciduous fruit trees<\/a><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And here are some links to my favorite resources about the topic of pruning deciduous fruit trees in general:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212; <em>The Home Orchard<\/em> is the best book with a chapter on the subject. Find it at your library. See it <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/2VKZRCS\">here on Amazon<\/a>. Read <a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/the-home-orchard-a-book-review\/\">my review here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212; <a href=\"http:\/\/homeorchard.ucdavis.edu\/8057.pdf\">This document<\/a> is essentially a summary of the pruning chapter of <em>The Home Orchard<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212; An excellent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uctv.tv\/search-details.aspx?showID=8432\">video of Chuck Ingels talking pruning is here<\/a>. Skip to 36 minutes in for the pruning section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212; Chuck Ingels, an advisor with the University of California, also has a slideshow full of helpful photos about training and pruning fruit trees <a href=\"http:\/\/cesacramento.ucanr.edu\/files\/205097.pdf\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Happy pruning!<br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>All of my Yard Posts are listed <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/gregalder.com\/yardposts\/list-of-yard-posts\/\">HERE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While family was visiting for Christmas I invited my niece to prune a fruit tree with me. Is pruning your fruit trees intimidating? What to cut? Where to cut? (You can\u2019t reverse it after you\u2019ve cut.) This post is narrowly focused: Let&#8217;s only talk about where to make a cut. Not which branches to cut, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4794,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[70],"class_list":["post-4772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fruit-trees","tag-pruning"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Where to cut a branch on a deciduous fruit tree - Greg Alder&#039;s Yard Posts: Southern California food gardening<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When pruning, there are two good places to cut on a branch: just above a bud, or just above the branch collar. 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